Cybercrime and disinformation during the pandemic

Cybercrime is evolving since criminals have been quick to seize opportunities to exploit the pandemic by adapting their tactics and engaging in new criminal activities.

Cybercriminals seeking to exploit emerging opportunities

Cybercriminals have been among the most adept at exploiting the pandemic. The threat from cybercrime activities during the crisis is dynamic and has the potential to increase further.

With a record number of potential victims staying at home and using online services across the EU, the ways for cybercriminals seeking to exploit emerging opportunities and vulnerabilities have multiplied.

Europol has been monitoring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cybercrime landscape since the beginning and has published an updated threat assessment of potential further developments in this crime area.

Among the forms of cybercrime analysed in the report are:

• Ransomware
• DDoS
• The dark web
• Disinformation and interference campaigns.

“This pandemic brings out the best but unfortunately also the worst in humanity. With a huge number of people teleworking from home, often with outdated security systems, cybercriminals prey on the opportunity to take advantage of this surreal situation and focus even more on cybercriminal activities,” said Europol Executive Director, Catherine De Bolle.

“With this report we want to warn individuals, companies, public institutions and other organizations about these criminal activities. I would also like to draw special attention to the most vulnerable among those victims; I am very concerned about the rise of child sexual abuse online.”

Main findings

• The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cybercrime has been the most visible and striking compared to other criminal activities.
• Criminals active in the domain of cybercrime have been able to adapt quickly and capitalize on the anxieties and fears of their victims.
• Phishing and ransomware campaigns are being launched to exploit the current crisis and are expected to continue to increase in scope and scale.
• Activity around the distribution of child sexual exploitation material online appears to be on the increase, based on a number of indicators.
• Both criminal organizations, states and state-backed actors seek to exploit the public health crisis to advance geopolitical interests.