A major challenge in industrial control system architecture involves the dual nature of its underlying technologies. That is, a typical ICS component must have the capability to exchange information with both IT and OT systems across designated network or system interfaces. This is different from traditional industrial devices like heat pumps, actuators, and motors that were previously only accessed and controlled by OT systems, usually either analog or electro-mechanical. So, today the existence of two … Continue reading SCADA vulnerabilities in ICS architectures